GF tends to be taken in repeated doses for a long period of time, and although many reports on the toxicity of raw GF have led to a processing method to remove the toxicity, Selleckchem PLX3397 little information is currently available with regards to the toxic effects of subchronic exposure to processed GF (PGF). The aim of this study was to assess the possible genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity of PGF extract in accordance with the test guidelines published by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. A 13-week repeat-dose
oral toxicity study was carried out with rats, and the change in body weight observed in rats receiving PGF extract was normal. It is worth noting that the PGF extract groups exhibited an obvious TH-302 increase in liver weight along with a significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase activity at doses of 667 and 2000 mg/kg, providing evidence of hepatotoxic potential. More importantly, the results of the Ames test indicated that the PGF extract presented a mutagenic potential. Altogether,
these results are the first to determine the subchronic toxicity and genotoxicity of the PGF extract, indicating that when GF is used for medicinal purposes, the period of use should be considered despite the manner in which the extract is processed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Amoebiasis is a potentially lethal disease and causes 70,000 deaths per year. To find structural requirements for more active antiamoebic agents than metronidazole, comparative QSAR modelling was
done on thirty 1-N-substituted thiocarbamoyl-3-phenyl-2-pyrazolines. The best model was obtained by using PLS technique with R-A(2) and R-CV(2) value of 88.50% and 82.90%, respectively. Amoebicidal activity may increase when Wang-Ford charges at atom numbers 6 and 12 have large positive values. Number of six-membered ring and sum of Kier-Hall electrotopological states may also increase amoebicidal activity when these have large positive values. Increasing value of rotatable bond fraction, Staurosporine research buy approximate surface area and mean atomic polarizability scaled on carbon atom may be detrimental for antiamoebic activity. Decrease in values of electrostatic potential charges at atom numbers 1 and 12 may be conducive for activity. Electrophilic attacks may be favourable at these positions. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Aim: Describe characteristics and outcome of INRG patients with ganglioneuroblastoma, nodular subtype (GNBn).\n\nPatients and methods: Amongst 4071 patients in the INRG database with known INPC histological category, 232 patients with GNBn were identified. Patients were categorised by clinical, pathological and genetic characteristic. For event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS), Kaplan-Meier curves and lifetables were generated, and the outcome of subgroups was compared using log rank test.