Recentering the hysteresis loops leads to a P-r value of 12.6 mu C/cm(2), associated to a coercive field of about 94 kV/cm. This P-E vertical drift originates from the very asymmetric conduction of the Pt/NBT/Pt capacitors at different polarities, as testified by the current density-electric field curves. Such drift can be caused by the existence of different barrier heights at the bottom and top Pt/Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 buy Fludarabine interfaces. In addition, based on the combined RBS and x-ray data, we suggest that the chemical composition variation across the layer also impacts on the polarization vertical drift.
Finally, the nanoscale electrical properties of the thinnest film have been characterized by both tunneling atomic force microscopy (TUNA) and piezoforce microscopy (PFM). The TUNA data revealed that leakage currents cannot be noticeably detected below 8 or 10 V, in negative or positive biases, respectively. The PFM data showed that most of the grains seem to be constituted of single ferroelectric domains. In addition, the recorded d(33) piezoloops are strongly distorted, and systematically remain in the vertical positive side, in agreement with the vertical drift observed for the macroscopic ferroelectric data.
The presence of self-polarization within our thinnest film is finally invoked, and supported b some piezohistogram, in order to justify the distorted shape of the loops as
well as the supplementary horizontal shift.”
“Objective-To compare safety and efficacy of spinosad and selamectin and determine effects
of those products this website on flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) in cats.
Design-Randomized clinical trial.
Animals-211 client-owned cats.
Procedures-Cats with >= 5 fleas evaluated at 8 veterinary Sotrastaurin clinics, were allocated to receive spinosad (50 to 100 mg/kg [22.7 to 45.5 mg/lb], PO; n = 139) or selamectin (>= 6 mg/kg [>= 2.7 mg/lb], topically; 72) once per month. Flea comb counts and FAD scores were determined on day 1, between days 27 and 33, and between days 85 and 95 (evaluations 1, 2, and 3, respectively); day 0 was the first day of drug administration.
Results-The most common adverse event was vomiting (14.3% and 2.4% of spinosad- and selamectin-treated cats, respectively). Evaluation 2 and 3 geometric mean flea counts for spinosad-treated cats were significantly lower than those for selamectin-treated cats. Percentage reductions in flea counts for the spinosad and selamectin groups were 97.5% and 88.8% (evaluation 2) and 99.3% and 97.7% (evaluation 3), respectively. At evaluations 2 and 3, 70.6% and 92.6% of spinosad-treated cats and 29.4% and 64.7% of selamectin-treated cats were free of fleas, respectively. Weighted FAD scores for spinosad- and selamectin-treated cats decreased 94.2% and 80.0% during the study, respectively. Spinosad tablets were successfully administered during 98.1% of treatments.