0%), and psychosis (41, 9.4%; specified as first onset by clinicians based on no prior episodes and being within 3 months of first contact with the health service). Full BRISC In the total sample (n = 1079), negativity–positivity bias scores correlated negatively and significantly with both Icotinib clinical trial Emotional resilience (r = −0.499; P < 0.0001) and social skills (r = −0.279; P < 0.0001; Table 2). These correlations are consistent with the theoretical basis of the BRISC: that the marker of risk (negativity bias) will be inversely related to markers

of coping (emotional resilience and social skills). Emotional resilience and social skills were found to have a significant overlap (r = 0.312; P < 0.0001). The degree of Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical overlap is consistent with these markers, reflecting partially separable types of protective factors. Table 2 Correlations between scores on the 45-question BRISC Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical and 15-question mini-BRISC* ROC analyses In ROC analyses, negativity bias made the largest contribution to classification. Figure 2 shows the breakdown of clinically confirmed diagnoses for negativity Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical bias in the “clinical” group. Sensitivity of the BRISC was highest for depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and panic disorder, followed by psychosis, brain injury, and mild cognitive impairment. Figure 2 45-Item BRISC. Breakdown of classification by diagnosis for negativity bias using the ROC determined threshold. Table 3 shows the ROC curve analysis results across

negativity bias, emotional resilience, social skills, and combined total scores for Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical the 45-item BRISC. Table 3 Summary of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive power of the 45-question BRISC scores at z-score thresholds of −2, −1.5, −1, and −0.5 and ROC determined optimal score For the negativity bias score, the optimal z-score threshold for distinguishing clinical status was −1.14. This threshold was both sensitive (84.9%) and specific (87.6%) in classifying the clinical versus healthy groups. In addition to good positive predictive Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical power at this threshold (70.7%), there was also high negative predictive power (94.3%; Table 3). The AUC value

of 0.92 indicated a very high discrimination, reflective of overall accuracy. Emotional resilience scores revealed a lower optimal threshold of z = −0.43 for distinguishing clinical from healthy status. Sensitivity was at 69.3% and specificity was at 70.0%. The results of suggested that these scores contribute most to negative predictive power (81.7%) for supporting decisions about confirming good emotional health (Table 3). Overall accuracy was high (AUC was 0.75). Social skills scores had an optimal threshold of z = −0.50 for classifying clinical from healthy groups. Sensitivity was at 54.6% and specificity was at 68.1%. Results for these scores suggest that they contribute most to negative predictive power (80.9%) relevant to the confirmation of healthy status (Table 3). These scores contributed to a good overall accuracy (AUC was 0.