After rinsing with phosphate-buffer saline (PBS), the MLN4924 sections were incubated

with TUNEL reaction mixture for 60 minutes at 37°C, and then were incubated in 100 μl anti-FITC-AP conj (converter-AP) for 30 min at 37°C. After incubation, the slides were covered with 50-100 μl substrate solution, incubated at room temperature, and visualized with DAB staining kit. The apoptosis cells were defined as negative and positive according to immunohistochemical staining. In addition, the rate of the apoptosis cells was also divided into low expression (1+) and high expression (2+ or 3+). Statistical Analysis Data were represented selleck chemicals llc as means ± S.E.M. of the number of independent experiment indicated (n) or experiments performed on at least three separate occasions. For cytoplasmic staining, the intensity of immunohistochemical staining was measured using a numerical scale (0 = no expression, 1+ = weak expression, 2+ = moderate expression, and 3+ = strong

expression), and the statistic analysis for cytoplasmic staining was calculated using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. A Student’s t test was used to compare the volumes and weights of each group. All statistical analyses were performed by using the SPSS software package (version 10.0, Chicago, IL, USA). All tests were two-sided and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results HSP70 expression in different clinical stages of LSCC To determine whether HSP70 was associated with selleck products histological grade of LSCC, we used tissue array to detect HSP70 expression in fifty LSCC cases including different Alectinib ic50 stages. The results showed that staining of HSP70 was predominantly detected in cytoplasm as previously described [16]. The positive staining of HSP70 (Fig. 1a-b) was detected in 96% of LSCC tissues (48 out of 50). HSP70 was undetectable in 4% of LSCC specimens (Fig. 1c). The expression level of HSP70 and the clinical stage of LSCC were summarized

in table 2. 19 out of 29 later stage patients have moderate expression, while 9 out 29 have strong expression, only 1 has weak expression. On the other hand, only 3 out 21 earlier stage patients have strong expression, 10 have moderate expression, the rest of the patients either have no expression or have weak expression. The data indicated that the expression levels of HSP70 protein in early stage cases were significantly lower than that in late stage cases (P = 0.015) (Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Table 2 Analysis the HSP70 protein expression levels in early stage LSCC and than in late stage LSCC     HSP70 expression levels   Clinicopathological parameter n 0 1+ 2+ 3+ P stage I – II 21 2 6 10 3   stage III – IV 29 0 1 19 9 0.015 Figure 1 HSP70 expression in LSCC tissues.