Analysis of all results shows that nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons eFT508 mw (PAHs) are definitely environmental genotoxic/mutagenic hazards and confirms that environmental aromatic nitration reactions lead to an increase in genotoxicity and mutagenicity properties. Particularly 1-NPy and 1,8-DNPy can be considered as human potential

carcinogens. They seem to be significant markers of the genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and potential carcinogenicity of complex PAHs mixtures present in traffic emission and industrial environment. In prevention of environmental carcinogenic risk 1-NPy and 1,8-DNPy must therefore be systematically analyzed in environmental complex mixtures in association with combined umuC test, CBMN assay, and FISH on cultured human lymphocytes. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.”
“Artemisia lavandulaefolia has been utilized in traditional medicines for the treatment of several diseases. In this study, we attempted to determine whether the essential oil and 1,8-cineole of A. lavandulaefolia induce apoptosis in KB cells. The oil and 1,8-cineole induced the cell death of KB cells as evidenced by the increased cell population in the sub-G1 phase, the appearance of condensed and/or fragmented nuclei, and the generation of a cleaved PARP product. The treatment of the cells with the oil also induced

changes in the mitochondrial level of Bcl-2 and Bax, thereby inducing the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Furthermore, the oil increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 MAPK, but 1,8-cineole activated pp38 and INCB018424 molecular weight pJNK at the same concentrations. These findings show that S3I-201 concentration the mitochondrial and MAPKs pathways might be involved in the oil-induced apoptosis, and may enhance our current understanding of the anticancer functions of the oil to a greater degree than 1,8-cineole.”
“In this paper, the microbial transformation of resibufogenin (1) by Curvularia lunata AS 3.4381 was investigated, and four transformed products were isolated and characterized as 3-epi-resibufogenin (2),

12-hydroxy-3-epi-resibufogenin (3), 12-oxo-16-hydroxy-3-epi-resibufogenin (4), and 12,15-epoxy-3-epi-bufalin-14,15-ene (5). Among them, 4 and 5 are new compounds, and isomerization, hydroxylation, and oxidation reactions in microbial transformation process were observed. Additionally, the cytotoxicities of transformed products (2-5) were also investigated.”
“Although there have been advances in the fields of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy of tongue cancer, the cure rates are still not substantially satisfactory. Capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is the major pungent ingredient of hot chili pepper and has been reported to have an antitumor effect on many human cancer cell types. The molecular mechanisms of the antitumor effect of capsaicin are not yet completely understood.