As a positive control for maximal aggregation, ADP only was added to PRP and monitored for 6 min. The values obtained for Batroxase Navitoclax were compared with those obtained for ADP only. A 150 μg sample of the purified protein was diluted in 50 mM ambic buffer, pH 8.0, and reduced with dithiothreitol (DTT) at a molar ratio of 50:1 (w/w) for 1 hour at 56 °C. The material was then alkylated with 10 μL iodoacetamide (1 mg/mL) for 30 min in the dark. A 50 μg sample of this reduced

and alkylated Batroxase (RA-Batroxase) was submitted to trypsin proteolytic digestion at a molar ratio of 2:100 (w/w, enzyme:protein) for 4 h at 37 °C. For chymotrypsin hydrolysis, 50 μg of RA-Batroxase was suspended in 100 mM Tris–HCl containing 10 mM CaCl2, pH 7.8,

at a molar ratio of 1:60 (w/w, enzyme:protein) and incubated for 3 h at 37 °C. Streptococcus aureus V8 protease (in 10 mM ambic pH 8.0) was then added at a molar ratio of 3:100 (w/w, enzyme:protein), and the reaction was incubated at 37 °C for 18 h. The hydrolyzed material was subjected to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI) using a quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Q-Tof Ultima, Waters/Micromass) coupled to an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system (NanoAcquity, Waters). The peptides generated by digestion EX 527 price were desalted on-line using a Waters Symmetry C18 trap column (5 mm × 180 mm × 20 mm). Elution was performed in a BEH 130 C18 (1.7 mm × 75 mm × 100 mm) column using a 0–60% (v/v) acetonitrile gradient for 1 h. The spectra were acquired using data-directed analysis by selecting the doubly and triply charged peptides for MS/MS experiments. All of the MS/MS spectra were processed using the Mascot Distiller software and the MASCOT search engine (Matrix Science, Fenbendazole Boston).

The N-terminal amino acid sequence of Batroxase was determined using the native protein obtained from reverse-phase chromatography using a C-18 column (as described previously). The sequencing procedure was performed using a PPSQ-33A automated protein microsequencer (Shimadzu, Japan). Both the N-terminal protein sequence obtained by automatic sequencer and the internal peptide digested material obtained from the mass spectrometry were used to search for related protein sequences in the SWISS-PROT/TREMBL database with the BLAST FASTA program (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi). The homology between Batroxase and other proteinases was evaluated using the NCBI protein data bank. Alignments were refined using the program CLUSTAL 2.0.11. The atomic coordinates of class I snake venom metalloproteinase from Bothrops moojeni (BmooMPα-I, PDB ID: 3GBO, Akao et al., 2010) were used as a 3D template for restraint-based modeling and implemented in the MODELLER program ( Fiser and Sali, 2003a).