The parts of sequences corresponding to 16S and 23S rDNA genes were subtracted to obtain single IGS sequences which were aligned with CLUSTALX [21] and the closely related sequences were included in following analyses. Phylogenetic

analysis was done using the CLUSTALX and phylogenetic trees constructed using the neighbour-joining method [22]. A Selleck PXD101 bootstrap confidence analysis was performed on 1000 replicates to determine the reliability of the distance-tree topology obtained [23]. Graphic representation of the resulting trees was done using NJPLOT software [24]. Results Plant growth and symbiotic performance of 9 cowpea genotypes Analysis of data on SYN-117 supplier nodule numbers, nodule mass, shoot dry matter and grain yield using One-Way ANOVA revealed significant differences between and among the 9 cowpea genotypes (Tables 2 and 3). At Wa, for example, Bechuana white and IT82D-889 produced the highest nodule number per plant while Brown eye and Apagbaala showed the least (Table 2).

At Taung in South Africa, Fahari exhibited the highest nodulation with Brown eye again showing the least nodulation together with Omondaw (Table 3). Interestingly, IT82D-889 (which had the highest nodulation at Wa) also produced significantly the most nodule mass at Wa, with Mamlaka and Fahari producing very low nodule dry matter, followed by Brown eye and Fahari (Table 2). At Taung, IT82D-889 produced Acalabrutinib the largest nodule dry mass, followed by Bechuana white, while Mamlaka and Apagbaala showed the least nodule dry mass, even though they were intermediate in nodulation

Histone demethylase (Table 3). Table 2 Symbiotic performance, dry matter and grain yield of 9 cowpea varieties grown in Wa, Ghana. Genotype Nodule number Nodule DM Shoot DM δ15N Ndfa   per plant mg.plant -1 g.plant -1 ‰ % Omondaw 35.0 ± 0.3b 1200.0 ± 57.7c 25.9 ± 3.7ab -0.57 ± 0.2e 86.6 ± 0.1a Brown eye 15.4 ± 0.3d 366.7 ± 33.3d 13.5 ± 1.6cd 0.30 ± 0.1d 76.8 ± 1.6c Apagbaala 16.5 ± 1.4d 466.7 ± 33.3d 25.7 ± 2.8ab 0.76 ± 0.1bc 71.6 ± 1.3de IT82D-889 41.3 ± 0.3a 2666.7 ± 66.7a 18.9 ± 1.4bc -0.21 ± 0.1de 82.6 ± 1.6b ITH98-46 26.6 ± 1.2c 500.0 ± 0.0d 8.8 ± 0.3d 0.50 ± 0.0cd 74.6 ± 0.2cd Bechuana white 43.0 ± 0.8a 1733.3 ± 33.3b 18.7 ± 4.0bc 0.76 ± 0.1bc 71.6 ± 0.6de Glenda 34.0 ± 1.4b 1733.3 ± 88.2b 27.7 ± 2.3a 0.81 ± 0.1a 70.7 ± 0.3e Mamlaka 34.3 ± 1.5b 100.0 ± 11.0e 12.6 ± 2.0cd 1.00 ± 0.1a 69.3 ± 0.8e Fahari 36.0 ± 0.8b 100.0 ± 10.0e 16.9 ± 1.2c 0.96 ± 0.2a 69.9 ± 1.8e F-statistics 97.5*** 384*** 7.4*** 29.4*** 29.4***   N content Grain yield N-fixed       mg.plant -1 kg.ha -1 mg.plant -1 kg.ha -1   Omondaw 1077.5 ± 130.2ab 791.2 ± 144.8a 933.8 ± 111.8a 155.6 ± 18.6a   Brown eye 705.5 ± 97.0cd 865.6 ± 93.8a 540.0 ± 68.2bcd 90.0 ± 11.4bcd   Apagbaala 1233.4 ± 164.8a 723.1 ± 228.1a 887.6 ± 134.4a 147.9 ± 22.4a   IT82D-889 896.1 ± 50.1abc 687.6 ± 104.3a 738.7 ± 29.5ab 123.1 ± 4.9ab   ITH98-46 392.8 ± 9.1d 862.3 ± 59.5a 292.9 ± 6.7d 48.8 ± 1.1d   Bechuana white 837.3 ± 171.1bc 652.7 ± 76.7a 599.9 ± 124.2bc 100.0 ± 20.