Brain tumor care at every phase benefits from the utility of neuroimaging. end-to-end continuous bioprocessing Technological advancements have fostered the improved clinical diagnostic potential of neuroimaging, providing vital support to historical accounts, physical examinations, and pathological evaluations. Presurgical evaluations benefit from the integration of innovative imaging technologies, like fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging, leading to improved differential diagnoses and enhanced surgical strategies. The clinical challenge of differentiating treatment-related inflammatory change from tumor progression is enhanced by novel applications of perfusion imaging, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), spectroscopy, and new positron emission tomography (PET) tracers.
Brain tumor patient care will benefit significantly from the use of the most current imaging technologies, ensuring high-quality clinical practice.
High-quality clinical practice in the care of patients with brain tumors will be facilitated by employing the latest imaging techniques.

Imaging techniques and resultant findings of common skull base tumors, encompassing meningiomas, are reviewed in this article with a focus on their implications for treatment and surveillance strategy development.
Greater accessibility to cranial imaging procedures has contributed to a higher frequency of incidental skull base tumor diagnoses, requiring thoughtful decision-making regarding management strategies, including observation or intervention. Growth and displacement of a tumor are determined by the original site and progress of the tumor itself. A meticulous examination of vascular impingement on CT angiography, alongside the pattern and degree of bone encroachment visualized on CT scans, proves instrumental in guiding treatment strategy. Phenotype-genotype connections could potentially be further illuminated by future quantitative analyses of imaging data, including those methods like radiomics.
Utilizing both CT and MRI imaging techniques, a more thorough understanding of skull base tumors is achieved, locating their origin and defining the required treatment scope.
CT and MRI analysis, when applied in combination, refines the diagnosis of skull base tumors, pinpointing their origin and dictating the required treatment plan.

The International League Against Epilepsy's Harmonized Neuroimaging of Epilepsy Structural Sequences (HARNESS) protocol is key to the analysis in this article of the essential role of optimal epilepsy imaging, in addition to the utilization of multimodality imaging in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Marine biodiversity Evaluating these images, especially within the context of clinical information, follows a precise, step-by-step methodology.
The critical evaluation of newly diagnosed, chronic, and drug-resistant epilepsy relies heavily on high-resolution MRI protocols, reflecting the rapid growth and evolution of epilepsy imaging. The article delves into the diverse MRI findings observed in epilepsy patients, along with their clinical interpretations. Wnt antagonist The presurgical evaluation of epilepsy benefits greatly from the integration of multimodality imaging, particularly in cases with negative MRI results. By correlating clinical characteristics, video-EEG data, positron emission tomography (PET), ictal subtraction SPECT, magnetoencephalography (MEG), functional MRI, and advanced neuroimaging methods like MRI texture analysis and voxel-based morphometry, the identification of subtle cortical lesions such as focal cortical dysplasias is improved, which optimizes epilepsy localization and the choice of ideal surgical candidates.
A neurologist's distinctive expertise in clinical history and seizure phenomenology is essential to the accuracy of neuroanatomic localization. A significant role of clinical context, when coupled with advanced neuroimaging, is to identify subtle MRI lesions and pinpoint the epileptogenic lesion when multiple lesions complicate the picture. MRI-detected lesions in patients undergoing epilepsy surgery are correlated with a 25-fold increase in the chance of achieving seizure freedom, in contrast to patients without such lesions.
The neurologist's unique function involves analyzing the patient's clinical background and seizure characteristics, which are fundamental to pinpointing neuroanatomical locations. The clinical context, when combined with advanced neuroimaging techniques, plays a significant role in detecting subtle MRI lesions, especially when identifying the epileptogenic lesion amidst multiple lesions. Patients displaying lesions on MRI scans stand a 25-fold better chance of achieving seizure freedom with epilepsy surgery than those without such MRI-detected lesions.

This paper is designed to provide a familiarity with the many forms of nontraumatic central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhage and the diverse range of neuroimaging technologies used to both diagnose and manage these conditions.
The 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study found that intraparenchymal hemorrhage accounts for a substantial 28% of the total global stroke burden. Within the United States, 13% of all strokes are attributable to hemorrhagic stroke. The incidence of intraparenchymal hemorrhage demonstrates a substantial escalation with increasing age; hence, public health campaigns focused on better blood pressure management have not curbed this rise as the population grows older. Within the most recent longitudinal study observing aging, autopsy findings revealed intraparenchymal hemorrhage and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in 30% to 35% of the patient cohort.
For swift detection of central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhage, comprising intraparenchymal, intraventricular, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, a head CT or brain MRI scan is indispensable. Neuroimaging screening that uncovers hemorrhage provides a pattern of the blood, which, combined with the patient's medical history and physical assessment, can steer the selection of subsequent neuroimaging, laboratory, and ancillary tests for an etiologic evaluation. Once the source of the problem is established, the key goals of the treatment plan are to mitigate the spread of hemorrhage and to prevent subsequent complications, including cytotoxic cerebral edema, brain compression, and obstructive hydrocephalus. Besides other considerations, nontraumatic spinal cord hemorrhage will be mentioned in a brief yet comprehensive way.
Rapidly detecting central nervous system hemorrhage, including intraparenchymal, intraventricular, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, relies on either a head CT or a brain MRI. The presence of hemorrhage on the screening neuroimaging, with the assistance of the blood pattern, coupled with the patient's history and physical examination, dictates subsequent neuroimaging, laboratory, and ancillary testing for etiological assessment. Upon identifying the root cause, the primary objectives of the therapeutic approach are to curtail the enlargement of hemorrhage and forestall subsequent complications, including cytotoxic cerebral edema, brain compression, and obstructive hydrocephalus. Subsequently, a limited exploration of nontraumatic spinal cord hemorrhage will also be explored.

The imaging techniques used to evaluate patients with acute ischemic stroke symptoms are the subject of this article.
The widespread utilization of mechanical thrombectomy in 2015 signified the commencement of a new era in the treatment of acute strokes. Subsequent randomized, controlled trials in 2017 and 2018 revolutionized stroke treatment, expanding the eligibility criteria for thrombectomy through the incorporation of imaging-based patient selection. This development led to a higher frequency of perfusion imaging procedures. After numerous years of standard practice, the controversy persists concerning the precise timing for this additional imaging and its potential to cause detrimental delays in urgent stroke interventions. A proficient understanding of neuroimaging techniques, their uses, and how to interpret them is, at this time, more crucial than ever for the neurologist.
CT-based imaging, its widespread availability, rapid imaging, and safety, makes it the primary imaging modality used in most centers for evaluating patients experiencing symptoms of acute stroke. A noncontrast head computed tomography scan alone is sufficient to inform the choice of IV thrombolysis treatment. Large-vessel occlusion is reliably detectable using CT angiography, which proves highly sensitive in this regard. Advanced imaging procedures, including multiphase CT angiography, CT perfusion, MRI, and MR perfusion, supply extra information that proves useful in tailoring therapeutic strategies for specific clinical cases. For the timely administration of reperfusion therapy, prompt neuroimaging and subsequent interpretation are always necessary in every case.
Due to its prevalence, speed, and safety, CT-based imaging often constitutes the initial diagnostic procedure for evaluating patients with acute stroke symptoms in most healthcare facilities. Intravenous thrombolysis eligibility can be definitively assessed using only a noncontrast head CT. For reliable large-vessel occlusion assessment, the highly sensitive nature of CT angiography is crucial. Advanced imaging, including multiphase CT angiography, CT perfusion, MRI, and MR perfusion, contributes extra insights valuable for therapeutic choices in specific clinical circumstances. For all cases, the swift performance and interpretation of neuroimaging are critical to enabling timely reperfusion therapy.

Essential to evaluating patients with neurologic diseases are MRI and CT, each technique exceptionally adept at addressing specific clinical questions. In clinical settings, both these imaging methods have proven themselves highly safe due to diligent and concentrated efforts, still, both carry potential physical and procedural risks, which are comprehensively addressed in this article.
Recent developments have positively impacted the understanding and abatement of MR and CT-related safety issues. MRI magnetic fields can lead to potentially life-threatening conditions, including projectile accidents, radiofrequency burns, and harmful interactions with implanted devices, sometimes causing serious injuries and fatalities.