We compared the expression levels of growth factors between these secondary follicles and found that the growth rate of cultured secondary follicles correlated with the expression level of insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) mRNA. Igf1 mRNA expression level in secondary follicles containing theca cells was higher than that in secondary follicles without theca cells, and the granulosa cell proliferation

around follicles containing theca cells was increased. Furthermore, an IGF1 inhibitor also inhibited the granulosa cell proliferation, and administration of IGF1 to secondary follicles without growth promoted granulosa cell proliferation. These results indicated that the theca cells of secondary follicles induced the expression of IGF1 and promoted the follicle growth.”
“Desulfitobacterium hafniense strain PCP-1 reductively dechlorinates pentachlorophenol (PCP) to 3-chlorophenol AG-014699 research buy and a variety of halogenated aromatic compounds at the ortho, meta, and para positions. Several reductive dehalogenases (RDases) are thought to be involved in this cascade of dehalogenation. We partially purified a novel RDase involved in the dechlorination of highly chlorinated phenols from strain PCP-1 cultivated in the presence of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. The RDase was membrane associated, and the activity was sensitive to oxygen,

with a half-life of 128 min upon exposure to air. The pH and temperature optima were 7.0 and 55 degrees C, respectively. buy CP-456773 Several highly chlorinated phenols were

dechlorinated at the ortho positions. The highest dechlorinating activity levels were observed with PCP, 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol, and 2,3,4-trichlorophenol. 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetate, 3-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoate, dichlorophenols, and monochlorophenols were not dechlorinated. The apparent K(m) value for PCP was 46.7 mu M at a methyl viologen EPZ5676 concentration of 2 mM. A mixture of iodopropane and titanium citrate caused a light-reversible inhibition of the dechlorinating activity, suggesting the involvement of a corrinoid cofactor. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the partially purified preparation revealed 2 bands with apparent molecular masses of 42 and 47 kDa. Mass spectrometry analysis using Mascot to search the genome sequence of D. hafniense strain DCB-2 identified the 42-kDa band as NADH-quinone oxidoreductase, subunit D, and the 47-kDa band as the putative chlorophenol RDase CprA3. This is the first report of an RDase with high affinity and high dechlorinating activity toward PCP.”
“The biocompatibility of chitosan and its similarity with glycosaminoglycans make it attractive as a scaffold for cartilage engineering. Fibrous scaffolds may simulate cartilage extracellular matrix structure and promote chondrocyte functions. Our objectvies were to produce chitosan fibers of different size and evaluate their potential for chondrogenesis.